Dowel Pins、Parallel Pins、Bushes

1. Core Functions and Applications
Locate Pins/Cylindrical Pins: Serving as connecting or fixing elements, they withstand shear forces and are widely used in the automotive, aerospace, and industrial equipment sectors. They are used to precisely locate parts relative to each other during mechanical assembly, preventing them from shifting or rotating. They are commonly found in precision assembly applications such as molds, fixtures, and gearboxes.
Bushings: Serving as sliding bearings or wear-resistant parts, they reduce friction between shafts and bores and support rotating or reciprocating components. They are commonly found in engines, hydraulic systems, and gearboxes.
2. Material Selection:
Carbon Steel/Alloy Steel: Steels such as 45 steel and 40Cr offer high strength and wear resistance, making them suitable for high-load applications. Heat treatment (such as quenching and tempering) is required to enhance hardness and toughness.
Stainless Steel: Steels such as 304 and 316 offer corrosion resistance and are suitable for corrosive environments in the chemical, food, and medical industries.

3. Processing: Precision Forming and Surface Treatment
Turning/Milling: High-precision machining of external diameters, internal bores, and end faces is achieved using CNC machine tools. Grinding: External cylindrical grinding improves dimensional accuracy and surface quality, achieving a surface roughness below Ra 0.8.
Cold Heading/Hot Forging: Cold heading is suitable for mass production of standard parts (such as cylindrical pins).
Heat Treatment: Quenching and tempering improve hardness and toughness, carburizing/nitriding enhances surface wear resistance, and annealing relieves processing stress.
Surface Treatment: Galvanizing for corrosion protection.
4. Quality Control: Full-Process Precision and Performance Verification
Dimensional Accuracy: External Diameter Tolerance ± 0.004mm, Length Tolerance ± 0.3mm, Cylindricity ≤ 0.01mm.
Surface Quality: Surface Roughness < Ra 0.8, free of cracks, burrs, scratches, and other defects.
Mechanical Properties: Hardness Testing.
Environmental Adaptability: Salt Spray Testing.
5. Design Optimization: Innovative Paths for Performance Improvement
Precision Machining: High-precision machining using CNC machine tools and grinders.